• Language: Language: High-level academic English (UK or US consistency).
• Structure: Structure: Title, Abstract (250 words max), Keywords (5-7 terms), Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, References.
• Reference Style: Reference Style: APA 7th Edition or IEEE format with mandatory CrossRef DOI links.
• Anonymization: Anonymization: Ensure all author names, affiliations, and acknowledgments are removed from the primary manuscript file for double-blind review.

To maintain Open Access under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0, accepted papers are subject to an APC of $1,200 USD. Full APC waivers are available for authors from low-income countries upon editorial request.