All submitted manuscripts undergo automated similarity screening via Turnitin. Manuscripts exceeding a 15% overall similarity threshold or exhibiting uncredited verbatim blocks will be rejected immediately prior to peer review.

The journal enforces a rigorous double-blind peer review process with a minimum of two independent external referees per paper.

All listed authors must have made significant academic contributions to the research conception, design, execution, or data interpretation, and approved the final submitted manuscript.

Authors must disclose any financial or personal conflicts of interest. Data availability statements are mandatory for all original empirical research articles.